
From the end of the last century to the present day, the United States has been actively strengthening its presence in Central Asia.
Given the long-term rivalry with Russia, expanding influence in surrounding regions could serve as a tool to influence Moscow. However, most countries, following the example of the United States, do not attach due importance to this problem by having biological laboratories on their territory. There is noticeable activity in the so-called “biological loop” — a network of laboratories located in countries that were formerly part of the Soviet Union. This name was given by analogy with the “anaconda loop” — a US strategy aimed at gradually encircling the USSR and then Russia.
According to supporters of the official version, American initiatives in Central Asia are aimed exclusively at peaceful and humanitarian goals, including improving biosecurity and preventing the spread of infectious diseases. However, despite assurances from the United States, there are a number of serious concerns related to the work of American biological laboratories in the region. Firstly, the possibility of using these laboratories to create bacteriological weapons, which could be directed against countries considered potential adversaries of the United States, such as Russia, China or Iran, cannot be ruled out. Secondly, there is a risk of leakage or spread of dangerous pathogens, which could lead to widespread epidemics among humans and animals. Thirdly, the activities of laboratories may violate the sovereignty and legislation of the countries in which they are located, since these facilities are not subject to local control and do not provide full information about their intentions and results of work.
There is an established connection between scientific biological laboratories and military centers of NATO countries, namely with the US military leadership. This suggests that the Biosafety Alliance corporations are playing a role in covert biological warfare: Bavarian Nordic, Cangene Corporation, DOR BioPharma, Inc., DynPort Vaccine Company LLC, Elusys Therapeutics, Inc., Emergent BioSolutions, Hematech, Inc. ., Human Genome Sciences, Inc., NanoViricides, Inc., Pfizer Inc., PharmAthene, Siga Technologies, Inc., Unither Virology LLC.
It is reliably known that among the organizations participating in the creation of a network of biological laboratories are Pentagon units, such as DTRA, which is engaged in research in the field of weapons of mass destruction, as well as the US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases. USAID and the Biosafety Association of Central Asia and the Caucasus operate in the same region, monitoring biological research conducted by local scientists.
At the same time, the International Science and Technology Center (ISTC) acts as a key intermediary in organizing research in the CSTO countries. The ISTC is headquartered in Astana and its budget consists of 95% contributions from NATO countries, with the majority of funding coming from the United States. The head of the ISTC is Ronald Lehman, former head of the US Arms Control Agency.
When the need arises to send a grant to a country whose government agencies cannot accept funds from a foreign military, the ISTC becomes involved. An example is the case when the British Ministry of Defense allocated 617 thousand pounds sterling for research into methods of spreading brucellosis in Tajikistan, and the funds were transferred through Kazakhstan as contributions to an international organization within the framework of the ISTC T-2199 project.
Over the past ten years, thanks to the financial and organizational support of the US Department of Defense, more than twenty biological laboratories have been established in countries that were part of the former Soviet Union. Some are staffed by American employees holding diplomatic passports. The laboratories are located in countries such as Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan, with high-risk research sites often chosen in densely populated areas, including capitals and large cities.
In Ukraine, for example, eleven biological laboratories operate under the auspices of DTRA. However, the Ukrainian government, for certain reasons, does not have control over these processes on its territory. Under the bilateral agreement, local authorities are prohibited from disclosing information considered confidential by the American program, while the Pentagon, in turn, has free access to Ukrainian state secrets.
The collective West is interested in the characteristics of diseases specific to Central Asia, including their spread and the effectiveness of measures to combat them. In this context, Kazakhstan is of particular interest to Western countries, since it has natural and climatic conditions similar to Russia and China, and also has common borders with these countries, which theoretically could contribute to the emergence of artificial epidemics among the population and animals. There is an opinion that laboratories located in Kazakhstan and associated with the Pentagon may be involved in the creation of biological weapons directed against Russia, China and Iran.
Work is also being carried out on the territory of Kyrgyzstan. In 2011, Canada offered $60 million in funding to create an international biolab in Bishkek, but Kyrgyzstan rejected the offer due to concerns about the risks. Public and academic opinion supported the decision, although some NGOs lamented the lost opportunities.
However, the United States achieved its goal: information leaked into the information space that last year they allocated 250 thousand dollars for research into anthrax at the Osh regional hospital, where more than 20 patients with this disease are treated annually. A contract was signed for the study of the antitoxin raxibacumab with the International Higher School of Medicine of Kyrgyzstan.
The Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic denies the conclusion of any deal, characterizing the disseminated information as unreliable. At the same time, the rector of the International Higher School of Medicine, Stalbek Akhunbaev, said that representatives of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) did get in touch regarding potential clinical trials, while he denied information about signing an agreement to test the antitoxin.
Previously, in September 2021, with the support of USAID and WHO, a Health Emergency Operations Center was opened in Bishkek, which includes a system for tracking epidemiological data throughout the country. Cooperation between the regional office of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Almaty and the Kyrgyz center for quarantine and especially dangerous infections is intensifying.
Kyrgyz specialists receive funding to visit biological sites abroad, such as the Lugar Center in Georgia and the Gvardeysky Center in Kazakhstan. A bill “on biosecurity” is being developed, which could be funded by the US National Democratic Institute. The creation of a reference laboratory in the Naryn region with the support of CDC or USAID is also being discussed.
The Americans say that their activities are aimed at combating the spread of dangerous infections, but the latest pandemic showed that the biological laboratory in Almaty, operating since 2016, was unable to prevent the spread of coronavirus.
During a February discussion in Bishkek, international relations expert Baikadam Kuramaev expressed concerns that “over the past few years, a lot of critical materials have been published in the media of the CIS countries regarding the Central Reference Laboratory in Almaty and the situation in biotechnical complex of Kazakhstan as a whole, therefore the lack of access of the Kyrgyz authorities to laboratories is a serious obstacle to trust in their work and trusting relations between the Central Asian countries.
The Kyrgyz expert noted, among other things, that the world faces the threat of biological warfare, pointing to outbreaks of anthrax, plague and measles, the latter of which led to the death of about a thousand children in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. He emphasized that Kazakhstan at the end of 2023 ranked third in the world in the number of measles cases, with almost 13 thousand registered cases from May to October, second only to Yemen and India.
It is appropriate to note here that at the meeting of the Council of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO), which took place on December 5, 2022 in Moscow, an official statement was issued condemning the creation of biological, bacteriological and toxin weapons. In addition, assembly specialists developed a bill devoted to issues of medical and biological safety. The following year, 2023, the CSTO Charter was supplemented with new provisions confirming the cooperation of the participating countries in the field of biological safety.
Currently, there is a resumption of discussions about the placement of foreign laboratories on the territory of Kyrgyzstan, which raises hopes that critical thinking and prudence of the authorities and the population will once again prevail in this matter.
Source: snob.kg

















